09_Pandas_Dataframe_Pivot_Table.ipynb

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    "# 9 - Pandas Dataframe - Pivot Table\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* En este Notebook vamos a ver la operación de ***Pivot Table***:\n",
    "\n",
    "    9. Pivot Table\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Para más información ver el siguiente enlace:\n",
    "    - https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/reshaping.html\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "## Funciones para el Análisis Exploratorio de Datos - Parte IV\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Veamos a continuación un ejemplo, usando los datos del fichero *'goleadores.csv'*:\n",
    "\n",
    "    \n",
    "### Importamos la librería de Pandas:"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Pasamos los datos del Fichero a un DataFrame:\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Fichero ***goleadores.csv***: Es un fichero de texto plano con formato CSV."
   ]
  },
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>TEMPORADA</th>\n",
       "      <th>FUTBOLISTA</th>\n",
       "      <th>GOLES</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Messi</td>\n",
       "      <td>37</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Luis Suárez</td>\n",
       "      <td>29</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cristiano</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Aspas</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Aduriz</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Griezmann</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>16/17</td>\n",
       "      <td>Morata</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Messi</td>\n",
       "      <td>34</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cristiano</td>\n",
       "      <td>26</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Luis Suárez</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>10</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Aspas</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>11</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Stuani</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>12</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Griezmann</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>13</th>\n",
       "      <td>17/18</td>\n",
       "      <td>Maxi Gómez</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>14</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Messi</td>\n",
       "      <td>36</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>15</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Luis Suárez</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>16</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Benzema</td>\n",
       "      <td>21</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>17</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Aspas</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>18</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Stuani</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>19</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ben Yedder</td>\n",
       "      <td>18</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>20</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Borja Iglesias</td>\n",
       "      <td>17</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>21</th>\n",
       "      <td>18/19</td>\n",
       "      <td>Griezmann</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
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      "text/plain": [
       "   TEMPORADA      FUTBOLISTA  GOLES\n",
       "0      16/17           Messi     37\n",
       "1      16/17     Luis Suárez     29\n",
       "2      16/17       Cristiano     25\n",
       "3      16/17           Aspas     19\n",
       "4      16/17          Aduriz     16\n",
       "5      16/17       Griezmann     16\n",
       "6      16/17          Morata     15\n",
       "7      17/18           Messi     34\n",
       "8      17/18       Cristiano     26\n",
       "9      17/18     Luis Suárez     25\n",
       "10     17/18           Aspas     22\n",
       "11     17/18          Stuani     21\n",
       "12     17/18       Griezmann     19\n",
       "13     17/18      Maxi Gómez     17\n",
       "14     18/19           Messi     36\n",
       "15     18/19     Luis Suárez     21\n",
       "16     18/19         Benzema     21\n",
       "17     18/19           Aspas     20\n",
       "18     18/19          Stuani     19\n",
       "19     18/19      Ben Yedder     18\n",
       "20     18/19  Borja Iglesias     17\n",
       "21     18/19       Griezmann     15"
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   "source": [
    "df_goleadores = pd.read_csv('./data/ejemplo_EDA/goleadores.csv', header=0)\n",
    "df_goleadores"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<hr>\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "## 9. Pivot Tables\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Esta operación ***permite poner ciertas columnas en filas y ciertas filas en columnas***.\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* La ***sintaxis*** de esta operación sería:\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "```python\n",
    "df.pivot(index='nombre_columna_a_fila', columns='nombre_columna_a_columna', values='nombre_columna_a_valores')\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* En esencia es una operación que permite crear una *'matriz de valores'* a partir de una *'tabla'*.\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Esta operación de ***pivot table*** es muy utilizada en las hojas de cálculo Excel y similares.\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "* Veamos a continuación un ejemplo, en el que tenemos un DataFrame con los 7 máximos goleadores de 3 temporadas. Dado que es un DataFrame '*muy largo'*, podemos aplicar la función pivot table para ver esta misma información más compacta y legible en forma de Matriz."
   ]
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th>FUTBOLISTA</th>\n",
       "      <th>Aduriz</th>\n",
       "      <th>Aspas</th>\n",
       "      <th>Ben Yedder</th>\n",
       "      <th>Benzema</th>\n",
       "      <th>Borja Iglesias</th>\n",
       "      <th>Cristiano</th>\n",
       "      <th>Griezmann</th>\n",
       "      <th>Luis Suárez</th>\n",
       "      <th>Maxi Gómez</th>\n",
       "      <th>Messi</th>\n",
       "      <th>Morata</th>\n",
       "      <th>Stuani</th>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>TEMPORADA</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>29.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>15.0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>34.0</td>\n",
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       "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
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       "FUTBOLISTA  Aduriz  Aspas  Ben Yedder  Benzema  Borja Iglesias  Cristiano  \\\n",
       "TEMPORADA                                                                   \n",
       "16/17         16.0   19.0         NaN      NaN             NaN       25.0   \n",
       "17/18          NaN   22.0         NaN      NaN             NaN       26.0   \n",
       "18/19          NaN   20.0        18.0     21.0            17.0        NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "FUTBOLISTA  Griezmann  Luis Suárez  Maxi Gómez  Messi  Morata  Stuani  \n",
       "TEMPORADA                                                              \n",
       "16/17            16.0         29.0         NaN   37.0    15.0     NaN  \n",
       "17/18            19.0         25.0        17.0   34.0     NaN    21.0  \n",
       "18/19            15.0         21.0         NaN   36.0     NaN    19.0  "
      ]
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   "source": [
    "df_goleadores.pivot(index='TEMPORADA', columns='FUTBOLISTA', values='GOLES')"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<hr>\n",
    "\n",
    "*Este Notebook ha sido desarrollado por **Ricardo Moya García** y registrado en Safe Creative como ***Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual***.*\n",
    "\n",
    "<img src=\"./imgs/CC_BY-NC-SA.png\" alt=\"CC BY-NC\">"
   ]
  }
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