Merge pull request TrainingByPackt#8 from TrainingByPackt/chapter5

Added compilation script and fixed exercises

Author: MakersF

Lesson 5/Activity 19- Storing User Accounts/compile.bat

@@ -2,9 +2,4 @@
 mkdir build
 
 :: Build main.cpp
-:: We include the header from Activity 18, so we can reuse the types defined there
-:: To do it, we created a symbolic link in the current folder to the header in Activity 18
-:: so that it's easy to access the file while working from the folder for Activity 19
-cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 /I . main.cpp
-
-:: You can not run the program at build\main.exe
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Activity 19- Storing User Accounts/main.cpp

@@ -1,30 +1,19 @@
 #include <iostream>
-#include <memory>
-#include <userprofile_activity18.h>
+#include <array>
 
-class UserProfileStorageFactory {
-public:
-    // Note: we are creating the derived class in the body of the function
-    std::unique_ptr<UserProfileStorage> create() const {
-        return std::make_unique<UserProfileCache>();
+int main()
+{
+    std::array<int, 10> accounts;
+    for(std::size_t i = 0; i < accounts.size(); i++) {
+        accounts[i] = i;
     }
-};
-
-
-void getUserProfile(const UserProfileStorageFactory& storageFactory) {
-    // The current function "owns" the memory for the UserProfileStorage
-    // though the unique_ptr, but it doesn't know which instance of the
-    // storage it is using. It could even change during run time.
-    std::unique_ptr<UserProfileStorage> storage = storageFactory.create();
-    UserId user;
-    std::cout << "Retrieving user profile from the factory generated storage" << std::endl;
-    storage->getUserProfile(user);
-    // The storage is automatically destroyed
-}
 
+    accounts.front() = 100;
+    accounts.back() = 200;
 
-int main()
-{
-    UserProfileStorageFactory factory;
-    getUserProfile(factory);
+    std::cout << "Elements:";
+    for(int& account: accounts) {
+        std::cout << " " << account;
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
 }

Lesson 5/Activity 19- Storing User Accounts/userprofile_activity18.h

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Activity 20-Retrieving a User's Balance from their Given Username/compile.bat

@@ -10,13 +10,11 @@ int main()
     balances.insert(std::make_pair("Alice",50));
     balances.insert(std::make_pair("Bob", 50));
     balances.insert(std::make_pair("Charlie", 50));
-    
+
     auto donaldAccountPos = balances.find("Donald");
     bool hasAccount = (donaldAccountPos != balances.end());
-    std::cout << "Donald has an account: " << hasAccount << std::endl;
-    
+    std::cout << "Donald has an account: " << std::boolalpha << hasAccount << std::endl;
+
     auto alicePosition = balances.find("Alice");
-    std::cout << "Alice balance is: " << alicePosition->second <<
-    std::endl;
-    
+    std::cout << "Alice balance is: " << alicePosition->second << std::endl;
 }

Lesson 5/Activity 20-Retrieving a User's Balance from their Given Username/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Activity 21- Processing User Registration in Order/compile.bat

@@ -1,18 +1,35 @@
 #include <stack>
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
 
-std::stack<RegistrationForm> registrationForms;
-stack.push(form);
-std::cout << “Pushed form for user “ << form.userName << std::endl;
-while(not stack.empty()) {
-    processRegistration(stack.top());
-    stack.pop();
+struct RegistrationForm {
+    std::string userName;
+};
+
+void processRegistration(RegistrationForm form) {
+    std::cout << "Processing form for user: " << form.userName << std::endl;
+}
+
+void storeRegistrationForm(std::stack<RegistrationForm>& stack, RegistrationForm form) {
+    // Add the form to the top of the stack
+    stack.push(form);
+    std::cout << "Pushed form for user " << form.userName << std::endl;
+}
+
+void endOfDayRegistrationProcessing(std::stack<RegistrationForm>& stack) {
+    // Process the top of the stack and then remove it
+    while ( !stack.empty()) {
+        processRegistration(stack.top());
+        stack.pop();
+    }
 }
 
 int main(){
     std::stack<RegistrationForm> registrationForms;
-    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms, RegistrationForm{“Alice”});
-    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms, RegistrationForm{“Bob”});
-    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms,
-RegistrationForm{“Charlie”});
+
+    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms, RegistrationForm{"Alice"});
+    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms, RegistrationForm{"Bob"});
+    storeRegistrationForm(registrationForms, RegistrationForm{"Charlie"});
+
     endOfDayRegistrationProcessing(registrationForms);
 }

Lesson 5/Activity 21- Processing User Registration in Order/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 /std:c++17 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Activity 22 Airport System Management/compile.bat

@@ -3,71 +3,75 @@
 #include <variant>
 
 struct AtGate {
- int gate;
+    int gate;
 };
+
 struct Taxi {
- int lane;
- int numPassengers;
+    int lane;
+    int numPassengers;
 };
+
 struct Flying {
- float speed;
+    float speed;
 };
 
 class Airplane {
- std::variant<AtGate, Taxi, Flying> state;
- public:
- Airplane(int gate) : state(AtGate{gate}) {
- std::cout << "At gate " << gate << std::endl;
- }
+    std::variant<AtGate, Taxi, Flying> state;
+public:
+    Airplane(int gate) : state(AtGate{gate}) {
+        std::cout << "At gate " << gate << std::endl;
+    }
 
-void startTaxi(int lane, int numPassengers) {
- if (not std::holds_alternative<AtGate>(state)) {
- std::cout << "Not at gate: the plane cannot start taxi to lane " << lane << std::endl;
- return;
- }
- std::cout << "Taxing to lane " << lane << std::endl;
- state = Taxi{lane, numPassengers};
-}
+    void startTaxi(int lane, int numPassengers) {
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<AtGate>(state)) {
+            std::cout << "Not at gate: the plane cannot start taxi to lane " << lane << std::endl;
+            return;
+        }
+        std::cout << "Taxing to lane " << lane << std::endl;
+        state = Taxi{lane, numPassengers};
+    }
 
-void takeOff( float speed) {
- if (not std::holds_alternative<Taxi>(state)) {
- std::cout << "Not at lane: the plane cannot take off with speed " << speed << std::endl;
- return;
- }
- std::cout << "Taking off at speed " << speed << std::endl;
- state = Flying{speed};
-}
+    void takeOff( float speed) {
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<Taxi>(state)) {
+            std::cout << "Not at lane: the plane cannot take off with speed " << speed << std::endl;
+            return;
+        }
+        std::cout << "Taking off at speed " << speed << std::endl;
+        state = Flying{speed};
+    }
 
-void currentStatus() {
- AirplaneStateVisitor visitor;
- std::visit(visitor, state);
-}
+    void currentStatus() {
+        AirplaneStateVisitor visitor;
+        std::visit(visitor, state);
+    }
 
-class AirplaneStateVisitor {
- public:
- void operator()(const AtGate& atGate) {
- std::cout <<"AtGate: "<< atGate.gate << std::endl;
- }
- void operator()(const Taxi& taxi) {
- std::cout <<"Taxi: lane "<< taxi.lane << " with " << taxi.
-numPassengers << " passengers" << std::endl;
- }
- void operator()(const Flying& flying) {
- std::cout <<"Flying: speed "<< flying.speed << std::endl;
- }
-};
+    class AirplaneStateVisitor {
+    public:
+        void operator()(const AtGate& atGate) {
+            std::cout <<"AtGate: "<< atGate.gate << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        void operator()(const Taxi& taxi) {
+            std::cout <<"Taxi: lane "<< taxi.lane << " with " << taxi.
+            numPassengers << " passengers" << std::endl;
+        }
+
+        void operator()(const Flying& flying) {
+            std::cout <<"Flying: speed "<< flying.speed << std::endl;
+        }
+    };
 };
 
 
 int main()
 {
- Airplane airplane(52);
- airplane.currentStatus();
- airplane.startTaxi(12, 250);
- airplane.currentStatus();
- airplane.startTaxi(13, 250);
- airplane.currentStatus();
- airplane.takeOff(800);
- airplane.currentStatus();
- airplane.takeOff(900);
-}
+    Airplane airplane(52);
+    airplane.currentStatus();
+    airplane.startTaxi(12, 250);
+    airplane.currentStatus();
+    airplane.startTaxi(13, 250);
+    airplane.currentStatus();
+    airplane.takeOff(800);
+    airplane.currentStatus();
+    airplane.takeOff(900);
+}

Lesson 5/Activity 22 Airport System Management/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 12-Demonstrating Working Mechanism of the c_str() Function/compile.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 /std:c++17 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 13- Using Variant in the program/compile.bat

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 int main()
 {
     std::variant<std::string, int> variant = 42;
-        std::cout << get <1>(variant) << std::endl;
-        std::cout << get <int>(variant) << std::endl;
-}
+    std::cout << std::get<1>(variant) << std::endl;
+    std::cout << std::get<int>(variant) << std::endl;
+}

Lesson 5/Exercise 13- Using Variant in the program/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 /std:c++17 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 14- Visitor Variant/compile.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 15- Exploring Iterator/compile.bat

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
+
 int main()
 {
-   std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
-   auto it = numbers.begin();
-   std::cout << *it << std::endl; // dereference: points to 1
-   it++; // increment: now it points to 2
-   std::cout << *it << std::endl;
-   // random access: access the 2th element after the current one
-   std::cout << it[2] << std::endl;
-   --it; // decrement: now it points to 1 again
-   std::cout << *it << std::endl;
-   it += 4; // advance the iterator by 4 positions: now it points to 5
-   std::cout << *it << std::endl;
-   it++; // advance past the last element;
-   std::cout << "'it' is after the past element: " << (it == numbers.
-end()) << std::endl;
+    std::vector<int> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    auto it = numbers.begin();
+    std::cout << *it << std::endl; // dereference: points to 1
+    it++; // increment: now it points to 2
+    std::cout << *it << std::endl;
+    // random access: access the 2th element after the current one
+    std::cout << it[2] << std::endl;
+    --it; // decrement: now it points to 1 again
+    std::cout << *it << std::endl;
+    it += 4; // advance the iterator by 4 positions: now it points to 5
+    std::cout << *it << std::endl;
+    it++; // advance past the last element;
+    std::cout << "'it' is after the last element: " <<
+        std::boolalpha << (it == numbers.end()) << std::endl;
 }
-

Lesson 5/Exercise 15- Exploring Iterator/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 16 Exploring Functions of Reverse Iterator/compile.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 17 Stream Iterator/compile.bat

@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ int main()
     std::istream_iterator<int> it = std::istream_iterator<int>(std::cin);
     std::istream_iterator<int> end;
     for(; it != end; ++it) {
-    std::cout << "The number is: " << *it << std::endl;
+        std::cout << "The number is: " << *it << std::endl;
     }
-}
+}

Lesson 5/Exercise 17 Stream Iterator/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp

Lesson 5/Exercise 18 Printing All of the Customers' Balances/compile.bat

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
-#include <list>
 
-using namespace std;
 int main(){
-std::vector<int> numbers = {10, 34, 64, 97, 56, 43, 50, 89, 32, 5};
+    std::vector<int> numbers = {10, 34, 64, 97, 56, 43, 50, 89, 32, 5};
 
-for (auto pos = numbers.begin(); pos != numbers.end(); ++pos){
-    std::cout << "Balance: " << *pos << std::endl;
-}
+    for (auto pos = numbers.begin(); pos != numbers.end(); ++pos){
+        std::cout << "Balance: " << *pos << std::endl;
+    }
 }

Lesson 5/Exercise 18 Printing All of the Customers' Balances/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:: Folder where the built objects are stored
+mkdir build
+
+:: Build main.cpp
+cl /EHsc /Fobuild/ /Febuild/ /W4 main.cpp