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‎Dictionary/Assignment/Solutions.md

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### **Access, Change, Add, and Remove Items**
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1. **Employee Database**: You have an employee database stored in a dictionary where employee IDs are the keys and their names are the values. Write a Python program to:
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- Access and print the name of an employee by their ID.
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- Update the name of an employee by their ID.
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- Add a new employee to the dictionary.
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- Remove an employee from the dictionary after they leave the company.
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```python
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employees_db = {
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"101": "Rajesh Kumar",
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"102": "Sita Patel",
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"103": "Amit Sharma",
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"104": "Priya Nair",
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"105": "Vikram Singh",
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"106": "Neha Gupta",
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"107": "Arjun Mehta",
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"108": "Anjali Rao"
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}
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# access item
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print("Access item")
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print("-"*32)
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employee_id = input("Enter id : ")
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if employee_id in employees_db:
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print(f"id: {employee_id} , name = {employees_db[employee_id]}")
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else:
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print("invalid id")
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print("-"*32)
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# update item
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print("Update item")
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print("-"*32)
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employee_id = input("Enter id : ")
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if employee_id in employees_db:
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print(f"id: {employee_id} , name = {employees_db[employee_id]}")
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new_name = input("Enter new name : ")
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employees_db[employee_id] = new_name
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print("Record upated successfully.")
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print(f"id: {employee_id} , name = {employees_db[employee_id]}")
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else:
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print("invalid id")
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print("-"*32)
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# add item
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print("Add item")
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print("-"*32)
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employee_id = input("Enter your id : ")
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employee_name = input("Enter your name : ")
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employees_db.update({employee_id:employee_name})
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print("New record added successfully.")
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print(f"id: {employee_id} , name = {employee_name}")
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print("-"*32)
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# Remove item
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print("Remove item")
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print("-"*32)
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employee_id = input("Enter id : ")
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if employee_id in employees_db:
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employee_name = employees_db[employee_id]
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print(f"id: {employee_id} , name = {employee_name}")
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employees_db.pop(employee_id)
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print("Data deleted successfully.")
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else:
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print("invalid id")
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print("-"*32)
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```
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2. **Shopping Cart**: You are building a shopping cart system where items and their prices are stored in a dictionary. Write a program to:
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- Access and print the price of a specific item.
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- Add a new item to the shopping cart with its price.
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- Update the price of an existing item.
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- Remove an item from the shopping cart once the user removes it.
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```python
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items_prices = {
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"apple": 30,
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"banana": 10,
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"mango": 50,
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"orange": 20,
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"grapes": 40,
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}
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# access item
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print("Access item")
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print("-"*32)
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item_name = input("Enter item name : ")
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if item_name in items_prices:
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print(f"name : {item_name} , price = ${items_prices[item_name]}")
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else:
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print("invalid item name")
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print("-"*32)
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```
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3. **Online Courses**: You manage a dictionary where course names are the keys and the number of enrolled students is the value. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the number of students enrolled in a specific course.
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- Add a new course and its student count.
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- Update the number of students for a specific course.
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- Remove a course that has been discontinued.
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4. **Bookstore Inventory**: You are maintaining a bookstore inventory where each book title is a key, and its quantity in stock is the value. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the quantity of a specific book.
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- Add a new book to the inventory.
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- Update the stock quantity for an existing book.
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- Remove a book once it is out of stock.
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5. **Voting System**: You are managing a voting system where candidates’ names are the keys, and the number of votes they’ve received is the value. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the current votes for a specific candidate.
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- Add a new candidate to the voting system.
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- Update the votes for a candidate when they receive more.
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- Remove a candidate from the system if they drop out of the race.
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---
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### **Looping Over Dictionaries**
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6. **Student Marks**: You have a dictionary where student names are the keys, and their marks are the values. Write a Python program to loop through the dictionary and:
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- Print each student's name and their marks.
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- Calculate and print the average marks of all students.
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```python
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marks_data = {
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"John": 70,
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"Rahul": 100,
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"Manoj": 50,
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"Raj": 80,
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"Aman": 40,
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}
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total_marks = 0
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for name,marks in marks_data.items():
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print(f"{name} : {marks} marks")
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total_marks += marks
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avg_marks = total_marks / len(marks_data)
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print(f"Average marks = {avg_marks}")
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```
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7. **City Temperatures**: You are tracking the temperatures of various cities using a dictionary where the city name is the key and the temperature is the value. Write a Python program to:
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- Print each city’s name and its temperature.
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- Loop through the dictionary to find the city with the highest temperature.
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8. **Company Salaries**: You have a dictionary that stores employee names as keys and their salaries as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Print each employee’s name and salary.
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- Calculate the total payroll (sum of all salaries).
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- Find and print the employee with the highest salary.
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```python
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salary_data = {
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"John": 7000,
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"Rahul": 10000,
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"Manoj": 500000,
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"Raj": 80000,
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"Aman": 40000,
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}
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total_payroll = 0
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highest_salary = ["",0]
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for name,salary in salary_data.items():
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print(f"{name} : {salary} marks")
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# calculat total payroll
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total_payroll += salary
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# calculating highest salary
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if salary > highest_salary[1]:
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highest_salary[0] = name
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highest_salary[1] = salary
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print(f"Total payroll = {total_payroll}")
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print(f"Highest salary {highest_salary[0]} with {highest_salary[1]}")
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```
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9. **Library Books**: A library tracks the number of times each book has been borrowed in a dictionary. Write a Python program to:
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- Print each book title and the number of times it has been borrowed.
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- Loop through the dictionary to find the book that has been borrowed the most.
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10. **E-Commerce Sales**: You are maintaining a dictionary where product names are keys, and the number of units sold is the value. Write a Python program to:
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- Print each product and its sales count.
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- Calculate and print the total number of units sold for all products.
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```python
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product_data = {
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"milk": 50,
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"bread": 10,
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"cookies": 30,
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"chocobar": 90,
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"gram": 40,
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}
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total_sale = 0
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for product_name,sale in product_data.items():
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print(f"{product_name} : {sale} ")
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total_sale += sale
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print(f"Total sale = {total_sale}")
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```
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---
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### **Copying Dictionaries**
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11. **School Subjects**: You have a dictionary where subjects are the keys, and the number of students enrolled in each subject is the value. Write a program to:
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- Create a copy of the dictionary.
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- Make changes to the original dictionary (e.g., add students to a subject).
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- Demonstrate that changes in the original do not affect the copied version.
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12. **Car Inventory**: A car dealership has an inventory stored in a dictionary where car models are the keys, and the number of available units is the value. Write a program to:
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- Create a copy of the inventory.
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- Add new models to the original inventory.
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- Print both the original and copied inventories to show that they are independent.
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13. **Financial Data**: You maintain a dictionary of monthly expenses where months are the keys, and the amount spent is the value. Write a program to:
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- Copy the dictionary.
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- Modify the original dictionary (e.g., add new expenses for the current month).
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- Verify that the copied dictionary remains unchanged.
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14. **Movie Ratings**: You have a dictionary where movie names are the keys, and user ratings are the values. Write a Python program to:
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- Create a copy of the dictionary.
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- Modify the original dictionary by adding new movies or updating ratings.
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- Show how the copied dictionary is not affected by changes to the original.
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15. **Restaurant Menu**: You manage a restaurant menu in a dictionary where dish names are keys, and their prices are the values. Write a program to:
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- Copy the menu.
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- Change prices in the original menu.
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- Show how the copy remains unaffected by price updates in the original.
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---
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### **Nested Dictionaries**
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16. **University Courses**: You are managing a university system where departments are keys, and their values are dictionaries containing courses as keys and student enrollments as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the number of students enrolled in a specific course within a specific department.
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- Add a new course to a department.
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- Update the enrollment number for an existing course.
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17. **Company Hierarchy**: Create a nested dictionary where department names are keys, and the values are dictionaries where employee names are keys, and their roles are values. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the role of a specific employee in a specific department.
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- Add a new employee to a department.
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- Update the role of an employee.
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18. **Family Tree**: Create a nested dictionary to represent a family tree where each family member’s name is the key, and the value is another dictionary containing information such as age, relation, and occupation. Write a program to:
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- Access and print the occupation of a specific family member.
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- Update the occupation or age of a family member.
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- Add a new member to the family tree.
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19. **Classroom Management**: Create a nested dictionary where each class is the key, and the value is another dictionary with student names as keys and their grades as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Access a student's grade in a specific class.
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- Add a new student and their grade to a class.
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- Update the grade of an existing student.
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20. **Online Orders**: Create a nested dictionary to represent customer orders where customer names are the keys, and the values are dictionaries containing products as keys and the quantities ordered as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Access the quantity of a specific product ordered by a specific customer.
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- Add a new product to an existing customer's order.
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- Update the quantity of a product in an order.
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Here are **5 questions** related to **dictionary methods** with real-world examples or scenarios to complete the list:
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### **Dictionary Methods**
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21. **Currency Converter**: You are building a currency converter where the keys are currency codes (e.g., "USD", "EUR"), and the values are exchange rates to the local currency. Write a Python program to:
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- Use the `get()` method to retrieve the exchange rate for a given currency. If the currency is not found, return a default message like "Currency not available."
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22. **Employee Records**: You maintain a dictionary of employee IDs as keys and employee names as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Use the `pop()` method to remove an employee from the dictionary by their ID and print the updated dictionary. If the employee ID is not found, handle it gracefully.
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23. **Student Grades**: You are managing student grades where student names are the keys, and their grades are the values. Write a Python program to:
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- Use the `items()` method to print each student's name along with their grade.
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- Use the `keys()` and `values()` methods to print all student names and their respective grades separately.
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24. **Grocery Prices**: You have a dictionary that stores grocery items as keys and their prices as values. Write a Python program to:
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- Use the `update()` method to modify the price of an item, and add a new item if it doesn't already exist.
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- Use the `setdefault()` method to add an item to the dictionary only if it doesn't exist, and print the updated dictionary.
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25. **Website Traffic Data**: You are tracking website visits where the keys are URLs and the values are the number of visits. Write a Python program to:
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- Use the `popitem()` method to remove and return the last added (URL, visits) pair from the dictionary.
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- Use the `clear()` method to reset the visit count by clearing the entire dictionary and print the empty dictionary.
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---

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