Added first_class functions , closures and decorators and a logging_project to understand decorators

Author: vipulkumar150

src/Projects/logging_usageofdecorators.py

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+#Logging Problem
+#Keeping track of how many times a function is run and what arguments were passed to it
+
+
+from functools import wraps
+
+
+
+def my_logger(original_function):
+    import logging
+    logging.basicConfig(filename='{}.log'.format(original_function.__name__),level=logging.INFO)
+    @wraps(original_function)
+    def wrapper_function(*args,**kwargs):
+        print('Ran with args : {} and kwargs : {}'.format(args,kwargs))
+        logging.INFO('Ran with args : {} ,and kwargs : {}'.format(args,kwargs))
+        return original_function(*args,**kwargs)
+    return wrapper_function
+
+
+def my_timer(original_function):
+    import time
+    @wraps(original_function)
+    def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
+        t1 = time.time()
+        result = original_function(*args,**kwargs)
+        t2 = time.time()
+        run_time = t2-t1
+        print('{} function ran in {} seconds'.format(original_function.__name__,run_time))
+        return original_function
+    return wrapper
+
+
+
+
+# @my_logger
+# def display_info(name,age):
+#     print('display_info ran with arguments ({},{})'.format(name,age))
+
+
+import time
+
+@my_logger
+@my_timer
+def display_info(name,age):
+    time.sleep(1)#TO set delay so that we get some results otherwise it will run fast and give 0.00 sec
+    print('display_info ran with arguments ({},{})'.format(name,age))
+
+display_info('Vipulkumar',19)
+
+#Change stack arrangement of the decorators and see the difference
+
+

src/closureFunc_2.py

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+
+def outer_function(msg):
+    def inner_function():
+        print(msg)
+
+    return inner_function #removed Paranthesis
+
+
+Hi_func = outer_function('Hi') #MY func is  = inner_function(){ready to be executed}
+Bye_func = outer_function('Bye')
+Hi_func()
+Bye_func()

src/closureFunctions.py

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+
+def outer_function():
+    message = 'Hi'
+
+    def inner_function():
+        print(message)
+
+    return inner_function #removed Paranthesis
+
+
+my_func = outer_function() #MY func is  = inner_function(){ready to be executed}
+my_func()
+my_func()
+my_func()

src/closuresAdv.py

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+#Add arguments to function and check
+def outer_function(msg):
+    message = msg
+
+    def inner_function():
+        print(message)
+
+    return inner_function #removed Paranthesis
+
+
+Hi_func = outer_function('Hi') #MY func is  = inner_function(){ready to be executed}
+Bye_func = outer_function('Bye')
+Hi_func()
+Bye_func()

src/decorator_class.py

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+
+#Using class as decorators instead of functions
+
+class decorator_class(object):
+    #How to pass original_function as argument to this class...we will use __init__ method for it
+
+    def __init__(self,original_function):
+        self.original_function = original_function
+        #Above code has tied our class instance to original function method
+
+        #How to add extra functionalities to the original function
+        #We will use the __call__ method for this with *args and **Kwargs
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        print('call method executed this before {}'.format(self.original_function.__name__))
+        return self.original_function(*args,**kwargs)
+
+@decorator_class
+def display_info(name,age):
+    print('display_info ran with arguments ({},{})'.format(name,age))
+
+@decorator_class
+def display():
+    print('display function ran!')
+
+
+display_info("Vipulkumar",19)
+display()
+

src/decorators_2.py

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+
+
+def decorator_function(original_function):
+    def wrapper_function(*args,**kwargs):
+        #When we were passing arguments to display_info() and it was wrapped under decorator_functiom
+        #It throws errors that wrapper function shud not contain arguments
+        #To add arguments to wrapper function we  shud use *args and **kwargs
+        #That also will run OK with wrapper function with no arguments
+
+        print('wrapper executed this before {}'.format(original_function.__name__))
+        return original_function(*args,**kwargs)
+    return wrapper_function
+
+@decorator_function
+#above line is equal to the following line
+# display = decorator_function(display)
+def display():
+    print('Display Function Ran!')
+
+@decorator_function
+def display_info(name,age):
+    print('display_info ran with arguments ({},{})'.format(name,age))
+
+
+
+display_info('Vipulkumar',19)
+display()
+
+

src/decorators_in_python.py

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+
+# def decorator_function(message):
+#     def wrapper_function():
+#         print(message)
+#
+#     return wrapper_function
+#
+#
+# Hi_func = outer_function('Hi') #MY func is  = inner_function(){ready to be executed}
+# Bye_func = outer_function('Bye')
+# Hi_func()
+# Bye_func()
+
+
+def decorator_function(original_function):
+    def wrapper_function():
+        print('wrapper executed this before {}'.format(original_function.__name__))
+        return original_function()
+    return wrapper_function
+
+    #So basically decorators are those that take a function as input and add some extra lines of code
+    #or execute some extra lines or add some extra functionalities to existing original function
+    #anad then return the function without actually modifying the code of the original function
+
+# def display():
+#     print('Display Function Ran!')
+
+# decorated_display = decorator_function(display)#Returns wrapper fuction ready to be executed
+# #decorated_display variable is equal to wrapper function ready to be executed
+# decorated_display()
+
+#now if we use
+@decorator_function
+#above line is equal to the following line
+# display = decorator_function(display)
+def display():
+    print('Display Function Ran!')
+
+#now if we call display it will give the modified ones also
+display()
+#So the wrapper code is added to original function
+
+

src/firstclassfunctions.py

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+
+def outer_function():
+    message = 'Hi'
+
+    def inner_function():
+        print(message)
+
+    return inner_function()
+
+
+outer_function()